Spray Schedule for Apple Tree for 2023 in Himachal Pradesh

 

SPRAY SCHEDULE FOR THE CONTROL OF DISEASES OF APPLE YEAR 2023

Sr.	Tree Stage	Name of Chemical	Quantity of	Control of	Remarks
No.			Chemical for	Diseases
			200 L of
			Water
1.	Green tip	Captan*	600gm
		or
		Dodine	200gm	Scab
		or
		Ziram*	600 (ml/gm)
		Fluxapyroxad 75g/l	60 ml	Scab/powdery
		+ Difenoconazole 50 g/l SC
				mildew
2.	Pink bud	Mancozeb*	600 gm
		or
		Propineb	600 gm	Scab
		or
		Difenoconazole	30 ml
		or
		Hexaconazole 4%		Scab/Powdery
		+ Zineb 68% WP	500 gm	Mildew/ Core Rot
3.	Petal fall/	Carbendazim*	100 gm
	Pea Stage	or
		ThiophanateMethyl*	100 gm
		or		Scab
		Hexaconazole	100 ml
		or
		Myclobutanil	80 gm
		or
		Flusilazole 40% EC	50ml
		Tebuconazole 50%	80 gm
		+ Trifloxystrobin 25%WG
		or
		Tebuconazole 8%	500 ml
		+ Captan 32% SC		Powdery mildew
		or
		Boscalid 25.2%	50 gm
		+ Pyraclostrobin 12.8%w/w WG
		or
		Metrafenone 500g/l SC	20 ml
		Carbendazim 12%	500 gm	Scab/powdery
				mildew
		+ Mancozeb 63% WP
		Carbendazim 25%	160 ml	Alternaria leaf spot
		+ Flusilazole 12.5% SC
4.	Fruit Developm	Mancozeb*	600gm		Do	not    spray
	ent (Walnut	or			Dodine		if
	size)	Propineb	600gm	Scab	temperature		is
					above	30°C	and
		or
					slow	drying
		Dodine	150 gm		condition
					prevails.
		Metiram 55%	200gm	Alternaria leaf spot/
		+		Blight/Pre mature
		Pyraclostrobin 5%WG		leaf fall

		Tebuconazole 8%	500 ml	Alternaria leaf spot/
		+ Captan 32% SC		Premature leaf fall
		or
		Fluxapyroxad 250 g/l	20 ml
		+ Pyraclostrobin 250 g/l 500 SC
		or		Alternaria leaf spot/
		Fluopyram 17.7% w/w	126 ml	Premature leaf fall
		+ Tebuconazole 17.7% w/w SC
		or
		Dodine 40% SC	150 ml	Alternaria leaf spot/
		or		Premature leaf
		Hexaconazole 4%	500 gm	fall/Scab
		+ Zineb 68% WP
5.	Fruit	Tebuconazole 50%	80 gm	Pre mature leaf fall
	Development (2	+ Trifloxystrobin 25%WG
	0 days after 4th			Scab
	spray)	Propineb*	600 gm
	After 4th	or		Scab, Black rot
	spray)	Zineb*	600 gm
				Alternaria leaf spot/
		Carbendazim 25%	160 ml	Premature leaf fall
		+ Flusilazole 12.5% SC
6.	Pre harvest	Captan*	600 gm	Scab/Fly
	(20-25 days	or		speck/Bitter rot
	before harvest)	Ziram*	600 (ml/gm)	Scab
		Metiram 55%
		+	200gm	Alternaria leaf spot/
		Pyraclostrobin 5%WG		blight
		Fluopyram 17.7% w/w	126 ml	Alternaria leaf
		+Tebuconazole 17.7% w/w SC		spot/Premature leaf
				fall/Fruit Rot
		Hexaconazole 4%	500 gm	Alternaria leaf spot/
		+ Zineb68% WP		Premature leaf fall/
				Scab

Note: - Points for consideration.
 
1.      This spray schedule is for normal weather conditions.
2.      In case of heavy rains within 12 hours of spray, the spray is to be repeated within seven days.
3.      Do not repeat the same chemical for spray.
4.      Pesticides should be sprayed when there arechances of diseases.
5.      Do not mix Dodine with other pesticides/chemicals.
6.      Do not mix any other pesticide/chemical/micro-nutrient/growth regulator/hormone with the above recommended pesticides to avoid russeting and other disorders. When necessary, these may be sprayed separately.
7.      The fallen leaves of apple should be collected and decomposed in a compost pit or 5% urea sprayed on orchard floor to ensure fast decomposition of infected leaves.
8.     For the control of White root rot, drench the basin area 3-4 times, with Carbendazim (0.1%) or Aureofungin (0.02%) + Copper Sulphate (0.02%) with the onset of rainy season to a depth of 15-20 cm. During winters, expose the root system of infected trees to sun. Remove the infected portion and apply Bordeaux paint.
9.     For the control of Collar rot, scarify wounds near collar region and apply Bordeaux paint or any other Copper fungicide based paint during winter season. Drench the whole tree basin at a distance of 30 cm from tree trunk with Mancozeb (0.3%) during rainy season.
10.   In scab prone areas 12-14 days interval should be maintained between the sprays up to primary scab stage.
11.   Use of Captan should be avoided before and after the oil spray for minimum 15 days.
12.   Dodine should not be mixed with hard water.

13.   Application of bio-control agents/bio-pesticides can be used against collar rot, root rot and root borers.
14.   Preventive measures for Apple diseases:
     a.   Crown gall or Hairy root- Avoid injury to the collar region and rouge out infected plants and destroy them.
     b.   Foliar Diseases-As the pathogen overwinters on the fallen leaves and therefore orchard sanitation by removing weeds and bushes and by removing the fallen leaf litter from the orchard floor, is one of the most important measures to reduce the initial inoculum. Adopt proper pruning of trees for adequate air circulation and rapid drying of foliage, thus prevents the development of secondary lesions in the orchard.
    c.    Powdery Mildew-Prune off the silver terminals and destroy them.
    d.    Canker- These include removal and destruction of infected plant parts, mummified fruits, dead twigs and pruned branches, avoiding mechanical injuries, application of balanced fertilizers on the basis of leaf and soil analysis, proper irrigation during hot dry periods to avoid tree stress, protecting plants from high and low temperatur injuries and ensuring effective control of insect-pests and diseases.
 
Recommendations for Hail damage:-
 1.   Spray 100 gm Carbendazim or 600 gm Mancozeb in 200 L of water immediately after hail.
2.   Spray 200 gm Boric acid + 500 gm Zinc Sulphate + 250 gm Quick lime in 200 L of water within 3-4 days of hail storm.
 3.  After 10 to 12 days, a spray of micro-nutrients like Agromin, Multiplex or Microvit @ 400 to 600 g per 200 L of water is also recommended. Spray the hail affected apple orchard with 1 kg Urea in 200L of water.
 

Note:-

*            The pesticides are proposed to be banned viz. Captan, Ziram, Mancozeb, Carbendazim, Thiophanate methyl, Zineb, Malathion & Chlorpyriphos by the Government vide Gazette Notification No. CG-DL-E-18052020-219423, Extraordinary Part-II- Section-3- Subsection (ii), dated 18^th May 2020 regarding- Banning of Insecticides Order, 2020. 

SPRAY SCHEDULE FOR THE CONTROL OF INSECT & PESTS OF APPLE, YEAR 2023

S.	Tree Stage	Name of Chemical	Quantity of	Control of pests
No.			Chemical
			for 200 L of
			water
1.	Half-inch	Horticulture Mineral Oil	4 lt	Sanjose scale &
	Green Tip			mite
2.	Pink Bud	Thiacloprid	100 ml	Thrips
3.	Petal fall	Spiromesifen	60 ml
		or
		Cyenopyrafen 30%SC	50 ml	Mites
		or
		Hexythiazox	200 ml
		Oxy-demeton methyl	200 ml	Sanjose scale
		Malathion*	200 ml	Aphid
4.	Fruit	Fenzaquin	50 ml
	Development	or
	(Walnut Size)	Propargite	200 ml	Mites
		or
		Horticulture Mineral Oil	2 lt
5.	Fruit	Hexythiazox	200 ml
	Development	or
	(20 days after 4th	Spiromesifen	60 ml	Mites
	spray)	or
		Propargite 42% + Hexythiazox 2% EC	200 ml
		or
		Cyenopyrafen 30%SC	50 ml
6.	Fruit	Fenzaquin	50 ml
	Development	or		Mites
	(20 days after 5th	Propargite	200 ml
	spray)
7.	Pre harvest (20-	Malathion*	200 ml	Aphid
	25 days before	Oxy-demeton methyl	200 ml	Sanjose scale
	harvest)
8.	After harvest	Chlorpyriphos*	400 ml	Woolly Apple
				Aphid

Note:

1.      Avoid repetition of same Insecticides/Acaricides

2.      Don’t mix any Micro nutrients with Acaricides/Insecticides.
3.      While spraying for the control of mites on the tree, also spray the basin area to ensure optimum control.
4.      Drench the basin area with Chlorpyriphos after harvesting @ 4ml/ltr of water for the control of woolly apple aphid and root borer.

5.      Minimum insecticidal sprays should be used during April-June for the safety of Lady bird beetles, syrphid flies and other beneficial insects as most of useful insects are active during these months.
6.      Do not spray any other pesticides on open flowers to protect pollinating insects.

7.      Methyl eugenol pheromone trap may be installed in the orchard to check fruit fly attack well in time.

8.      For early surveillance of insect-pest suitable trap crops may be planted around the orchard.

RECOMMENDED BRAND NAMES OF PESTICIDES

S. No. Common Name			Brand Names
1		2	3
	A. Fungicides:
	1. Carbendazim 50 WP*		Dhanustin/Bavistin/Mavistin/Derosal/ Benfil/ Gilzim /
			Carbestin/ Goldstin
	2. Captan 50 WP*		Captaf/ Dhanutan/Kohicap/Masstan/ Captax/ Capgold
	3. Copper Oxychloride 50 WP		Blitox/Fytolan/Masstox/Copter/Trucop/Riva
	4. Dodine 65 WP		Superstar/Syllit/Himdin/ Tohfa /Noor
	5. Difenoconazole 25 EC		Score/Scale/Dizole/Rubigan D/Karara
	6. Metiram 55%		Cabrio Top 60WG
+Pyraclostrobin 5%WG
	7. Hexaconazole 5 EC		Contaf/ Hexzol /Sitara/ Titan /Glow /Envil/Hexcon/Krizole
	8. Mancozeb 75WP*		Indofil M-45/ Dithane M-45/ Mass M-45/ Kohinoor M-45/ Dhanuka
			M-45/ Abic M-45 / Emthane M-45/ Uthane M- 45/ Hindustan M-
			45/GoldM-45/Marlett M-45
	9. Myclobutanil 10WP		Systhane /Boon / Index/ Grapple
10.		Propineb 70 WP	Antracol/Aaroosh/Scale 70%WP
11.		Thiophanate methyl 70WP*	Roko/ Topsin-M /Alert/ Stop/Trust/Key
12.		Zineb 75WP*	Indofil Z-78/Kanji
13. Ziram 27% SC*			Cuman L
14. Ziram 80% WP*			IPL Ziram-80
15.		Tebuconazole 50%	Nativo75 WG
+Trifloxystrobin 25%WG
16.		Tebuconazole 8%	Shamir
+ Captan 32% SC
17.		Fluxapyroxad 75g/l	Sercadis Plus 12.5 SC
+ Difenoconazole 50 g/l SC
18. Carbendazim 12%			SAAF
	+ Mancozeb 63%WP
19. Boscalid 25.2%			Signum 38% WG
+ Pyraclostrobin 12.8% w/w WG
20.		Metrafenone 500g/l SC	Acrisio 50 SC

21. Fluxapyroxad 250 g/l

        + Pyraclostrobin 250 g/l 500 SC                Merivon 50 SC

22.	Flusilazole 40% EC	Cursor 40% EC/Governor 40% EC
23.	Carbendazim 25%	Lustre37.5% SC
+ Flusilazole 12.5% SC
24. Fluopyram 17.7% w/w		LUNAExperience
+ Tebuconazole 17.7% w/w SC
25.	Dodine 40% SC	Dodino FIL
26.	Hexaconazole 4%	Avtaar
+ Zineb 68% WP
B. Insecticides, Acaricides		and Spray oils:
1. Chlorpyriphos 20 EC*		Dursban/Durmet/Danusban/Massban/Force/Tricel/
		Navigator/Goldban
2. Fenazaquin 10 EC		Magister/Majestic
3. Hexythiazox 5.45% EC		Maiden / Endurer
4. Malathion 50 EC*		Cythion/Massthion
5. Oxy-demeton Methyl 25% EC		Metasystox
6. Propargite 57 EC		Omite/ Simba
7. Spiromesifen 22.9 % SC		Oberon
8. Horticultural Mineral oil		HP Spray Oil E
9. Thiacloprid 21.7% SC		Alanto
10. Propargite 42% +		Ceasemite
Hexythiazox 2% EC
11.	Cyenopyrafen 30%SC	Kunoichi

ENSURE SAFE USE OF PESTICIDES

Using pesticides safely depends on many things. Some of the most important factors include selecting the appropriate product, and using that product according to the label directions.

·  Keep kids, pets and anyone non-familiar to the application out of the reach of pesticides while mixing and application.

·  Be sure to wear protective clothing that will protect you while using pesticides. Protective clothing may include a long sleeve shirt, long pants, closed-toe shoes, gloves & goggles for eyes.

·  Mix pesticides outdoors or in well-ventilated areas.

·  Mix only what is advised.

·  Be prepared for a pesticide spill. Have paper towels, sawdust or kitty litter, garbage bags, and non-absorbent gloves on hand to avoid direct contact during the spill. Avoid using excessive amounts of water, as this may only spread the pesticide and could be harmful to the environment.

·  Read the first aid instructions on the label before using the product. Have the telephone number for the Poison Control Centre (1-800-222-1222) available in case you have additional questions.

·  Remove personal items, such as toys, clothing, or tools from the spray area to avoid contamination.

·  After using pesticides, wash your hands before eating.

·  Dispose off the empty pesticide containers/bags properly.

Horticulture Information Service, Department of Horticulture, Himachal Pradesh, Shimla.

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